Understanding Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder, also called manic-depressive illness or manic depression is a mental disorder that causes unusual shifts in moods, energy levels and concentration. 

Bipolar disorder lasts years and can be lifelong. A medical diagnosis is usually required.

Bipolar disorder runs in families and can be triggered by stress, drugs, alcohol, bad sleep schedules etc. People with bipolar disorder often have anxiety or depression as well.

Types of Bipolar Disorder

There are six main types of bipolar disorder. They have some similar symptoms but these symptoms differ in their severity and treatment. These are the six types, ranging from the most severe to the least severe:

  • bipolar I disorder

  • bipolar II disorder

  • cyclothymic disorder (cyclothymia)

  • substance/medication-induced bipolar and related disorder

  • bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition

  • unspecified bipolar and related disorder

Symptoms:

  1. Mood swings, sadness, feelings of euphoria, guilt

  2. Hopelessness and loss of interest

  3. Restlessness, irritability

  4. Depression and manic episodes

  5. Insomnia/ Hypersomnia

Treatments

Bipolar disorder cannot be cured but can be managed with therapy, support groups, and prescribed medications. 

Being there for someone who has bipolar disorder

  1. Communicate openly

  2. Ask them how they’re feeling, and genuinely listen

  3. Educate yourself about bipolar disorder. 

  4. Be patient, and stay optimistic

  5. Remember to take care of yourself

Sources:

https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/bipolar-disorders/what-are-bipolar-disorders

https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/


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